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In the mid-1960s, the United States was governed by what historian Arthur Schlesinger Jr. called the “Vital Center”—a liberal consensus that believed in the New Deal at home and the containment of communism abroad. Yet, by 1968, this center had collapsed, assailed not just by the conservative right, but by a ferocious “New Left” that viewed liberalism as morally bankrupt.
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A familiar narrative following the dissolution of the USSR is that Cold War ended because Western capitalism triumphed over a backward, inefficient communist system. But what if the real story is about an empire buckling under the weight of its own military spending—a lesson with stark relevance for today? In the early 1990s, a wave of triumphalism swept the West. The Soviet Union had vanished, seemingly without the apocalyptic violence that accompanied the fall of other empires. The narrative was seductive: Reagan’s tough stance and the inherent superiority of free markets had consigned Marxism-Leninism to the “ash heap of history.”…
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When we think of the Red Scare that gripped the United States in the post-war era, names like Senator Joseph McCarthy and the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) immediately spring to mind. The focus is often on federal-level investigations and Hollywood blacklists. However, as historian David Caute meticulously details in his seminal book, “The Great Fear,” some of the most fervent and extreme anti-communist zealotry occurred at the state, county, and even municipal levels. This under-explored aspect of the McCarthyite era reveals a widespread panic that drove the creation of staggeringly repressive, and often bizarre, local legislation. This post, inspired…
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In this episode of Explaining History, we explore Mikhail Gorbachev’s bold diplomatic strategy during the mid-1980s. Between 1985 and 1988, Gorbachev sought to end the crippling arms race with the United States and ease the immense economic burden of Cold War militarisation on the Soviet Union.We examine the key moments of his diplomacy: the Geneva and Reykjavik summits, his pursuit of arms reduction agreements with President Reagan, and the wider goal of redirecting Soviet resources away from m
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In 1988 Mikhail Gorbachev visited the USA on a state visit and experienced celebrity treatment in Times Square in New York as he came to visit the new president elect George H.W. Bush. This episode explores this fateful visit and as the Soviet Union crumbled from within and Gorbachev’s formative years and career in the Communist Party its machinery.Help the podcast to continue bringing you history each weekIf you enjoy the Explaining History podcast and its many years of content and would like t
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Subscribe for weekly updatesIn the 1930s a generation of intellectuals were attracted to the Soviet Union, though most were never members of any communist party and balked at the idea of revolution occurring in their own country. We begin to explore this convoluted and contradictory mindset through examining David Caute’s seminal work The Fellow Travellers.Help the podcast to continue bringing you history each weekIf you enjoy the Explaining History podcast and its many years of content and woul
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The Communist Party of Great Britain was established in 1920 and was heavily influenced by Comintern, the Communist International organisation in Moscow. Lenin was interested in shaping the party in Britain and other European countries, imposing the principal of democratic centralism on party members. Explaining History helps you understand the 20th Century through critical conversations and expert interviews. We connect the past to the present. If you enjoy the show, please subscribe and share.
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Initially, Mao proceeded with caution against the social enemies of the Communist Party, using the tools of state repression left behind by Chiang Kai Shek’s Kuomintang. Assigning a new legal social class status to all Chinese citizens saw many later condemned to forced labour, imprisonment Explaining History helps you understand the 20th Century through critical conversations and expert interviews. We connect the past to the present. If you enjoy the show, please subscribe and share.▸ Support t
