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By the late summer of 1944, World War II’s momentum had decisively shifted in favor of the Allies. In Europe, Allied armies had landed in Normandy, liberated Paris, and were pressing toward Germany’s borders, while Soviet forces swept westward across Eastern Europe . The “halcyon days” of mid-1944, as historian Michael Howard called them, saw the looming defeat of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan, prompting Allied leaders to turn their focus from winning the war to securing the peace . Amid the optimism, serious questions arose: How would a shattered world be rebuilt, and what kind of international order could…
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By late 1943 the course of World War II had decisively shifted. After the Soviet victory at Stalingrad (Feb. 1943) and the crushing of German forces at Kursk (July 1943), the Axis powers were retreating on all fronts. In Italy the Allies had invaded Sicily and toppled Mussolini, and in the Pacific the U.S. was advancing from Guadalcanal to Bougainville. With the pendulum swinging to Allied advantage, the “Big Three” (Churchill, Roosevelt, StalinStalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (18 December 1878 – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician, dictator and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953.…
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In this episode, I draw on My Palestine by Mohammad Tarbush to examine two often-overlooked episodes in the history of Zionism and its global reception.First, we revisit the 1975 United Nations General Assembly vote that declared Zionism a form of racism—an extraordinary moment that sent shockwaves through international diplomacy, reshaped alliances in the Cold War, and left a lasting legacy in debates about race, colonialism, and nationhood.Second, we turn to the influential role of the British
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***PLEASE LISTEN TO THE END***Chilean folk icon Violeta Parra (1917-1967) was far more than the singer of “Gracias a la Vida.” In this episode, Erica Verba—Director of Latin American Studies at Cal State LA—reveals how Parra transformed from teenage street-busker and RCA-Victor recording artist into the archivist, painter and political catalyst who ignited Latin America’s Nueva Canción movement.We trace her itinerant childhood with the “Circo Pobre,” her reinvention as a self-taught ethnomusico
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At the end of the 20th Century, the Cold War which had defined the struggle between various different iterations of capitalism in the western world and the USSR in the east was replaced by a slow oligarchic coup. An equivalent class has come to power in both countries and has similar imperatives, to occupy the state and cannibalise society. This podcast explores the material and ideological conditions that led to this takeover. *****STOP PRESS*****I only ever talk about history on this podcast b
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Oral histories can be very revealing in understanding the beliefs and feelings that people had in particular historical moments. In Svetlana Alexeivich’s amazing book Second Hand Time, hundreds of former Soviet citizens reflect on their hopes, fears and their anger at the fall of the nation and the society that they knew. This episode is particularly helpful in exploring the resentments that many Russians now feel towards their political and oligarchic class and to the west.*****STOP PRESS*****I
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In this episode of the Explaining History podcast we speak with the writer Dennis Broe whose new book The Dark Ages, explores the second Hollywood anti communist purge of 1951. We talk about Hollywood and Los Angeles as a site of ongoing class struggle, the role of the media and the LAPD in the development of modern Los Angeles and the role of dissenting writers and film makers in challenging the power of the studios.You can join Dennis for a zoom class on Darkest LA: Film Noir, Greed and Corpor
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Fifty years ago, the longest imperial war of the 20th Century ended with the fall of Saigon and the victory of the North Vietnamese in the reunification of Vietnam. Miki Nguyen’s account of his family’s desperate flight from Saigon is covered in his father’s story, Last Flight Out, and his father’s bravery escaping the retribution of the communist forces. You can read his book here, based on his father, Ba Van Nguyen’s memoirs.Explaining History helps you understand the 20th Century through cri
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What is soft power? It was a term conceptualised by Joseph Nye at the end of the Cold War to encapsulate America’s moral and cultural appeal to the world. The current decline in the use of soft power by Trump administration was first accelerated by the neocons under George W. Bush, who accepted explicitly that the War on Terror would mean the abandonment of the pretence of moral leadership and this was encapsulated by torture at Abu Ghraib prison, rendition flights and Guantanamo Bay. This podca
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During the Cold War a range of liberal and left intellectuals looked at the new technologies born of the Second World War and its aftermath with mounting concern and alarm. Figures like Herbert Marcuse and Theodore Adorno of the Frankfurt School and the Philosopher Martin Heidegger reacted to the destructive power of the atomic bomb and the cultural power of the mass media with fear and pessimism and believed that the world was sleepwalking into catastrophe. In this episode of the Explaining His